At the same time, because they are so deeply engrained and the work of often years by our mind and often by those around us, untangling these unhelpful beliefs from the helpful ones we have is often a long term task, sometimes not. We can’t control what is controlled by others or ‘the system’ active in the society we live in. Krumboltz and Levin go on to say that we generally have more control over internal obstacles (Krumboltz and Levin, 2004, p.137) and in a way they are right. They go on to argue that both can be overcome, but I disagree to some extent for reasons I outlined above. These are generally more challenging to overcome because they are rooted in long held beliefs about ourselves and the world. Internal obstacles: not starting the same course out of fear of failure.If you don’t have sufficient colour vision, you won’t be able to be an electrician. Some of these are difficult to overcome or can’t be overcome at all. External obstacles: not having enough money for a course – you can overcome this by looking for opportunities you can afford and that get you there in the longer term.They go on to say that there are internal and external obstacles (Krumboltz and Levin, 2004, p. Luck doesn’t happen, or happens far less, if you are passive, are not open to it, can’t spot it or don’t take it up out of a feeling of apprehensiveness.Ī key point Krumboltz and Levin are trying to make is about self-sabotage. What you can distil out of these three points is that it’s important to take action to create your luck. Say “yes” when you can, not when there’s no other option. “Be adaptable and open minded” – accept changes and engage with them.“Take a risk, even with rejection as possible outcome” – trying is better than not trying at all.“Be aware of your surroundings” – it’s important to see opportunities and to keep your options open.The key points Krumboltz and Levin try to make are (Krumboltz and Levin, 2004, p.2): There are implied actions within each one of the elements above we can work on with clients to help them plan for the future and respond, rather than react, to ‘happenstance’. It hopefully also gives us some hints as to how to approach this theory with clients. I hope this illustration clarifies the different elements and how it all fits together. ![]() recognised that career planning didn’t necessarily depend on making the one career decision as a teenager (environmental theory) or a series of career decisions at different stages of life (developmentalism) but that career planning was ongoing, often unplanned or influenced by unplanned events, and unpredictable in when decision making events would need to take place. What was revolutionary about this theory was that Krumboltz et al. ![]() Stance: the view of attitude you take – being open.Happen: to occur by chance and unforeseen.Planned: deciding what to do and putting things in place.I can’t remember where but I’ve seen Planned Happenstance Theory described in the following way, which was surprisingly useful: This brings us to the crux of Happenstance Learning Theory. Each one of these events can be perceived as a learning opportunity with potential for change if the individual is able to capitalise on these. In the case of this theory, what a client or individual does is the result of learning experiences of not only planned, but also unplanned events in their life. However, this is a development of his insights working with social learning. Why the learning in the name? Krumboltz background is social learning theory, which of course isn’t enough of a reason to make this a learning theory. The main tenet of this theory is that ‘things will happen’, whether you like them to or not, and you can or need to prepare to see and take up the opportunities ‘things happening’ in your life brings. Planned Happenstance Learning Theory Krumboltz & Levin 1999 – 2004 Mitchell et al., 1999įirst things first: Planned Happenstance Learning Theory is usually called happenstance theory, creating the impression that no one needs to do anything to plan their career and it will all just happen. There are also links it the bottom to get your further research started. This website is intended to be a starting point and the main difference with other websites is the visual representation of the theory, which I hope will help get to grips with the theory. It’s not my intention to give full information or an extensive discussion on every theory.
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